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1.
Actas Urol Esp ; 32(5): 485-91, 2008 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18604998

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To identify if there is a group elderly patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer in which pathological confirmation may be unnecessary, and if prostatic transrectal fine needle aspiration (FNA) may be a useful diagnostic tool for old patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 72 patients aged 75-93 years were evaluated by means of prostatic transrectal FNA. Antibiotic prophylaxis, analgesia or cessation of anticoagulant therapy were not necessary. RESULTS: In 35 patients (48.6%) cytological diagnosis was positive for prostatic adenocarcinoma, whereas in 37 cytology was negative for cancer. In 100% of patients with PSA > 30 ng/ml or with PSA > 20 ng/ml and suspicious digital rectal examination FNA results were positive for cancer. 4.1% minor and 1.3% major (acute prostatitis) complications after FNA were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In male patients older than 75 years with PSA > 30 ng/ml or with PSA > 20 ng/ml and suspicious digital rectal examination, histological confirmation of carcinoma by prostatic biopsy may be not necessary, because of the high probability of a positive result. When histological confirmation of prostatic carcinoma is required in elderly patients, transrectal prostatic FNA is a valid alternative to transrectal biopsy, due to its excellent tolerance and low complication rate.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia por Agulha Fina/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Reto
2.
Actas urol. esp ; 32(5): 485-491, mayo 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64792

RESUMO

Objetivos: Identificar si existe algún grupo de varones ancianos con sospecha clínica de cáncer de próstata, en el cual la confirmación anatomopatológica del diagnóstico puede no ser necesaria, y valorar si la punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) transrectal de próstata puede ser adecuada para el diagnóstico en la población anciana. Material y método: Se evaluaron mediante PAAF transrectal a 72 pacientes de edades comprendidas entre 75 y 93 años. No fue necesaria la administración de ningún tipo de profilaxis antibiótica, analgesia, ni el abandono o sustitución de medicación anticoagulante. Resultados: En 35 de estos pacientes (48,6%) el resultado de la citología fue positivo para adenocarcinoma de próstata, mientras que en 37 fue negativo para tumor. En el 100% de los pacientes con PSA > 30 ng/ml o con PSA> 20 ng/ml y tacto rectal sospechoso de cáncer, la PAAF fue positiva. Se detectó un 4,1% de complicaciones menores y un 1,3% de complicaciones mayores (prostatitis aguda). Conclusiones: En varones mayores de 75 años con PSA > 30 ng/ml o con PSA > 20 ng/ml y tacto rectal sospechoso puede no ser necesaria la confirmación histológica de cáncer de próstata mediante biopsia dada la elevada probabilidad de que ésta sea positiva. Cuando se considere necesaria la confirmación anatomopatológica del diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata en pacientes de edad avanzada, la PAAF constituye una buena alternativa a la biopsia transrectal, dada su excelente tolerancia y baja tasa de complicaciones (AU)


Objectives: To identify if there is a group elderly patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer in which pathological confirmation may be unnecessary, and if prostatic transrectal fine needle aspiration (FNA) may be auseful diagnostic tool for old patients. Material and methods: A total of 72 patients aged 75 - 93 years were evaluated by means of prostatic transrectal FNA. Antibiotic prophylaxis, analgesia or cessation of anticoagulant therapy were not necessary. Results: In 35 patients (48.6%) cytological diagnosis was positive for prostatic adenocarcinoma, whereas in 37cytology was negative for cancer. In 100% of patients with PSA > 30 ng/ml or with PSA > 20 ng/ml and suspicious digital rectal examination FNA results were positive for cancer. 4.1% minor and 1.3% major (acute prostatitis) complications after FNA were observed. Conclusions: In male patients older than 75 years with PSA > 30 ng/ml or with PSA > 20 ng/ml and suspicious digital rectal examination, histological confirmation of carcinoma by prostatic biopsy may be not necessary, because of the high probability of a positive result. When histological confirmation of prostatic carcinoma is required in elderly patients, transrectal prostatic FNA is a valid alternative to transrectal biopsy, due to its excellent tolerance and low complication rate (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Biópsia por Agulha , Prostatite/complicações , Prostatite/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/ultraestrutura , Estudos Prospectivos , Técnicas Citológicas/métodos , Técnicas Citológicas/tendências , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
3.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(10): 1117-1122, nov.-dic. 2007.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058375

RESUMO

El cáncer testicular bilateral suponen el 2-5 % de todos los tumores de testículo, aunque actualmente esa prevalencia va aumentando. La edad media de aparición es de los 15-35 años y el 75 % de ellos se presenta metacrónicamente. Suele haber hallazgos histológicos similares en ambos testículos, siendo el tipo histológico más frecuente el seminoma. El factor de riesgo más importante en el desarrollo del cancer testicular es la presencia de neoplasia intratubular de células germinales. El tratamiento de elección es la orquiectomía radical , aunque en algunos casos seleccionados se puede realizar una cirugía conservadora del testículo Presentamos 4 casos atendidos en nuestro servicio, analizamos los factores de riesgo, manejo de los tumores y realizamos una revisión de la literatura médica


Bilateral testicular cancer represents from 2 to 5 % of all testicle tumors, even though this prevalence nowadays is increasing. The median age of presentation was from 15 to years and in approximately 75 % of them occurred metachronously. There used to be concordance in histological findings between both testicles, being seminoma the most common histological type. The most important risk factor in the development of testicular cancer is the presence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Radical orquiectomy is the treatment to choose, although in some carefully selected patients testis-sparing surgery may be considered. We present four cases attended in our medical service, we analize the risk factors, management of tumors and a medical literature review is done


Assuntos
Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Orquiectomia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão/métodos , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Testiculares/terapia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/complicações , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico , Seminoma/complicações , Seminoma/diagnóstico , Seminoma/terapia , Orquiectomia/tendências , Orquiectomia , Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas/complicações , Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas/diagnóstico
4.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(5): 556-8, 2007 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17711177

RESUMO

Renal cell carcinoma has an unknown evolution. We report a case of a man with a skin metastases from renal cell carcinoma and an unfortunate result, five years after its radical surgical treatment. We review the literature and emphasize the need of a long and exhaustive surveillance in these patients.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/secundário , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/secundário , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Couro Cabeludo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/secundário , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
5.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(5): 556-558, mayo 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055290

RESUMO

El carcinoma de células renales se caracteriza por su evolución impredecible. Presentamos un caso clínico de aparición de metástasis cutánea de carcinoma renal de células claras con pronóstico ominoso, tras cinco años de tratamiento quirúrgico curativo del primario renal. Revisamos la literatura e incidimos en la necesidad de un seguimiento prolongado y exhaustivo en estos pacientes


Renal cell carcinoma has an unknown evolution. We report a case of a man with a skin metastases from renal cell carcinoma and an unfortunate result, five years after its radical surgical treatment. We review the literature and emphasize the need of a long and exhaustive surveillance in these patients


Assuntos
Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/secundário , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia
6.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(10): 1117-22, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18314649

RESUMO

Bilateral testicular cancer represents from 2 to 5% of all testicle tumors, even though this prevalence nowadays is increasing. The median age of presentation was from 15 to years and in approximately 75% of them occurred metachronously. There used to be concordance in histological findings between both testicles, being seminoma the most common histological type. The most important risk factor in the development of testicular cancer is the presence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Radical orquiectomy is the treatment to choose, although in some carefully selected patients testis-sparing surgery may be considered. We present four cases attended in our medical service, we analize the risk factors, management of tumors and a medical literature review is done.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Testiculares , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Testiculares/terapia
7.
Actas Urol Esp ; 26(5): 335-8, 2002 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12174741

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate cathepsin D as a prognostic marker in invasive bladder cancer and to determine its relationship with stage, grade, lymph-node metastasis and survival too. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An immunohistochemical staining of 32 radical cystectomy specimens suffering from transitional cell carcinoma was performed, using a monoclonal antibody anti-cathepsin D (Novocastra). We made a semicuantitative measurement of the cathepsin D expression in the tumor and in the peritumoral stroma in a 400 x microscopic high power field. Patient population was composed of 31 men and 1 woman with a mean age of 63.25 years. The mean follow up was 23.6 months. Stage was classified with the WHO 1997 classification. Grade was classified with the ISUP/WHO 1998 classification. For the statistical analysis the Chi-square test, Pearson's test R, the Kaplan Meier method and the log-rank test were used. RESULTS: The pathological stages of the surgical specimens were as follows: pTo:3.1% (1), pT1:12.5% (4), pT2:15.6% (5), pT3:34.4% (11). (p < 0.001) A high cytologic grade was found in 81.25% of the tumors. There was a 43.8% progression rate and 40.6% mortality. There was no statistically significant relationship among Cathepsin's D levels in the stroma and lymph node metastases, stage, or grade (p = 0.473, p = 0.604, p = 0.2423). There was no statistically significant relationship among Cathepsin's D levels in the tumor and lymph node metastases, stage or grade (p = 0.496, p = 0.722 and p = 0.461). The cathepsin D levels, neither in the stroma nor in the tumor, showed no influence neither on the disease free intervals nor in the survival rates (p = 0.785; p = 0.355 and p = 0.614; p = 0.601 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemical Cathepsin D levels do not seem to play a role in the prognostic of transitional tumors of the urinary bladder.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição/química , Catepsina D/análise , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/química , Bexiga Urinária/química , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Cistectomia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Fatores de Tempo , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia
8.
Actas urol. esp ; 26(5): 335-338, mayo 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-17041

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la catepsina D como marcador pronóstico en el carcinoma transicional vesical infiltrante y determinar su relación con variables pronósticas reconocidas como son el estadio, el grado y la afectación ganglionar.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una tinción inmunohistoquímica de 32 piezas de cistectomía radical afectadas por carcinoma transicional infiltrante, practicadas entre noviembre de 1996 y mayo de 1999, con anticuerpo monoclonal anti catepsina D (Novocastra), realizando una medición semicuantitativa de la expresión de catepsina en las células tumorales y en el estroma peritumoral por campo de 400x.La serie estudiada se compuso de 31 varones y una mujer con un rango de edad entre 41 y 75 años y una edad media de 63,25 años (Desviación estandard de 8,77) y un seguimiento medio de 23,6 meses (1 a 44 meses). Los estadios se clasificaron según la clasificación de la WHO de 1997. El grado citológico se clasificó según la clasificación de la ISUP /WHO de 1998.Para el análisis de las variables se utilizó el test Chi-Cuadrado y test R de Pearson. El test de supervivencia se realizó según el método de Kaplan Meier y los niveles de significado mediante el test del logaritmo del rango (log-rank test).RESULTADOS: Los estadios diagnosticados en el momento de realizar la cistectomía fueron: pTo:3,1 per cent (1), pT1:12,5 per cent (4), pT2:15,6 per cent (5), pT3:34,4 per cent (11), pT4: 34,4 per cent (11). (p<0,001).El 81,25 per cent de los tumores fueron de alto grado citológico y el 18,75 per cent de los tumores fue de bajo grado.Se apreció afectación ganglionar en el 40,7 per cent de los casos.Existió una progresión del 43,8 per cent y una mortalidad del 40,6 per cent.No se encontraron valores significativos de asociación entre el nivel de catepsina en el estroma y el grado de afectación ganglionar, estadio tumoral o grado citológico (p=0,473, p=0,604, p=0,2423 respectivamente), ni con los niveles de catepsina tumoral y los parámetros referidos anteriormente (p=0,496, p=0,722 y p=0,461 respectivamente).Los niveles de catepsina en el estroma y tumor no mostraron influencia en los intervalos libres de enfermedad (p=0,785 y p=0,355 respectivamente) ni sobre la supervivencia (p=0,614 y p=0,601).CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestra serie la determinación semicuantitativa de los niveles de catepsina D con métodos inmunohistoquímicos no aporta información pronóstica en el tumor vesical infiltrante (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores de Tempo , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Cistectomia , Prognóstico , Catepsina D , Carcinoma de Células de Transição , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Metástase Linfática , Imuno-Histoquímica , Bexiga Urinária , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária
9.
Arch Esp Urol ; 49(1): 66-8, 1996.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8678604

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: We report a case of candidiasis of the upper urinary tract that presented as acute renal failure associated with septic syndrome. The patient initially required hemodialysis. Right hydronephrosis and perirenal collection were observed on ultrasound examination. METHODS: A percutaneous nephrostomy was performed. Nephrostomy urine cytology and cultures were positive for Candida tropicalis. An anterograde pyelography showed a 'fungus ball' in the urinary tract. RESULTS: Therapy with oral fluconazole and percutaneous amphotericin B achieved excellent results. CONCLUSIONS: Candidiasic urinary infection of the upper urinary tract often produces obstructive uropathy requiring percutaneous nephrostomy, which can also be used to instill amphotericin B. Combination therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole can achieve excellent results.


Assuntos
Candidíase/diagnóstico , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino
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